Clarification systems remove solids from water through settling or flotation. Conventional clarifiers allow heavier particles to settle under gravity, while dissolved air flotation systems use small air bubbles to lift certain contaminants to the water surface. Dissolved air flotation can be particularly useful for wastewater containing oils, grease, and lightweight suspended solids. Manufacturers design clarification equipment according to wastewater flow, contaminant concentration, available space, and required treatment performance.
Biological wastewater treatment is often used for industrial wastewater containing biodegradable organic matter. Microorganisms break down organic pollutants under controlled conditions.
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